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A clinically utilized intravenous continuous rate infusion of diltiazem does not significantly decrease systolic

William H Whitehouse1, Justin D Thomason1, Dorothy A Thompson-Butler1

  • 1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS.

American Journal of Veterinary Research
|January 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intravenous diltiazem (IV) did not significantly decrease left ventricular systolic function in healthy dogs. This study found no significant changes in blood pressure, but did observe negative dromotropy with diltiazem.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used in veterinary medicine.
  • Its effects on cardiac function in dogs require further investigation, particularly at clinically relevant doses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of intravenous diltiazem constant rate infusion (CRI) on left ventricular systolic function, systemic blood pressure, and electrocardiography in healthy dogs.
  • To compare these effects against a control (5% dextrose in water).

Main Methods:

  • A prospective, masked, crossover study involving 10 healthy adult dogs.
  • Dogs received either diltiazem CRI or a control infusion, followed by the alternative after a 7-day washout period.
  • Echocardiography, blood pressure monitoring, and electrocardiography were performed before and during infusions.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant decrease in systolic time interval (STI) was observed post-diltiazem compared to the control (P = .046).
  • No significant changes in other echocardiographic parameters or systemic blood pressure were detected.
  • Negative dromotropic effects were noted with diltiazem administration.

Conclusions:

  • Clinically significant decreases in left ventricular systolic function were not observed in healthy dogs receiving intravenous diltiazem at the specified CRI regimen.
  • Further research is warranted to explore diltiazem's effects in canine patients with cardiac disease.