Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Divergence and Curl of Electric Field01:25

Divergence and Curl of Electric Field

5.9K
The divergence of a vector is a measure of how much the vector spreads out (diverges) from a point. For example, an electric field vector diverges from the positive charge and converges at the negative charge. The divergence of an electric field is derived using Gauss's law and is equal to the charge density divided by the permittivity of space. Mathematically, it is expressed as
5.9K
Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations01:17

Differential Form of Maxwell's Equations

574
James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879) was one of the significant contributors to physics in the nineteenth century. He is probably best known for having combined existing knowledge of the laws of electricity and the laws of magnetism with his insights to form a complete overarching electromagnetic theory, represented by Maxwell's equations. The four basic laws of electricity and magnetism were discovered experimentally through the work of physicists such as Oersted, Coulomb, Gauss, and...
574
Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field01:26

Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field

3.1K
The magnetic field due to a volume current distribution given by the Biot–Savart Law can be expressed as follows:
3.1K
Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method01:24

Area Computation by the Alternative Coordinate Method

128
The alternative coordinate method, also known as the Shoelace Formula, is a technique for determining the area of a traverse using Cartesian coordinates. This method relies on the sequential arrangement of x and y coordinates for each point of the shape, ensuring accuracy and ease of application.In this approach, each corner's x and y coordinates are listed as fractions, with the x-coordinate as the numerator and the y-coordinate as the denominator. These coordinates are arranged sequentially...
128
Transmission-Line Differential Equations01:26

Transmission-Line Differential Equations

376
Transmission lines are essential components of electrical power systems. They are characterized by the distributed nature of resistance (R), inductance (L), and capacitance (C) per unit length. To analyze these lines, differential equations are employed to model the variations in voltage and current along the line.
Line Section Model
A circuit representing a line section of length Δx helps in understanding the transmission line parameters. The voltage V(x) and current i(x) are measured...
376
Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors01:16

Equipotential Surfaces and Conductors

3.6K
For a conductor in which all charges are at rest, the conductor's surface is equipotential. The electric field is always perpendicular to equipotential surfaces. Therefore, in a conductor with static charges, the electric field just outside the conductor is always perpendicular to the conductor's surface. Any tangential component of the electric field will cause charges to move inside the conductor, which will violate the electrostatic nature of the system. In an electrostatic...
3.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Pathogenesis of Neovascular Glaucoma in Diabetic Retinopathy: A Review.

Journal of ophthalmology·2026
Same author

Probing mixed-state phases on a quantum computer via Renyi correlators and variational decoding.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Epigenetic dysregulation in osteonecrosis of the femoral head: a critical review of DNA methylation, histone modifications, and clinical translation.

Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Preparation of colon-targeted pellets loaded with filgotinib/berberine hydrochloride and Their application in ulcerative colitis therapy" [International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X 2025 (10) 100415].

International journal of pharmaceutics: X·2026
Same author

Phosphoryl-Engineered MOFs Promote Interfacial Reconstruction for Efficient Seawater Ethanol Electrooxidation.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

An Interpretable Deep Learning Framework Leveraging RNA Foundation Model and Capsule Networks for Accurate Prediction of RNA 2'-O-Methylation Sites.

Journal of chemical information and modeling·2026
Same journal

Erratum: Bacterial Turbulence at Compressible Fluid Interfaces [Phys. Rev. Lett. 136, 138301 (2026)].

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Unveiling Light-Quark Yukawa Flavor Structure via Dihadron Fragmentation at Lepton Colliders.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Adaptable Route to Fast Coherent State Transport via Bang-Bang-Bang Protocols.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Topological Transition and Emergence of Elasticity of Dislocation in Skyrmion Lattice: Beyond Kittel's Magnetic-Polar Analogy.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Pound-Drever-Hall Method for Superconducting-Qubit Readout.

Physical review letters·2026
Same journal

Coupling a ^{73}Ge Nuclear Spin to an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot in Silicon.

Physical review letters·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.1K

Modular Commutators in Conformal Field Theory.

Yijian Zou1, Bowen Shi2, Jonathan Sorce1

  • 1Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|January 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We derived a universal formula for the modular commutator, an entanglement measure quantifying quantum state chirality. This formula, dependent on chiral central charge and conformal cross ratio, was validated in quantum Hall states and linked to AdS/CFT geometry.

More Related Videos

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K
A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals
09:58

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 15, 2025

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.1K
Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
05:39

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform

Published on: August 2, 2019

9.7K
A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals
09:58

A Modular Microfluidic Technology for Systematic Studies of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals

Published on: May 10, 2018

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Theory
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • High Energy Physics

Background:

  • The modular commutator is a novel entanglement measure quantifying chirality in quantum many-body systems.
  • Understanding entanglement properties is crucial for characterizing complex quantum states.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Derive a universal expression for the modular commutator in 1+1 dimensional conformal field theories.
  • Investigate the modular commutator's dependence on fundamental quantum properties.
  • Explore connections between the modular commutator, quantum Hall states, and the AdS/CFT correspondence.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical derivation of the modular commutator expression in conformal field theories.
  • Numerical simulations of gapped (2+1)-dimensional systems, specifically quantum Hall states.
  • Geometric interpretation within the framework of the AdS/CFT correspondence.

Main Results:

  • A universal formula for the modular commutator was derived, depending solely on the chiral central charge and conformal cross ratio.
  • The formula showed excellent agreement with numerical simulations for quantum Hall states.
  • A geometric dual was proposed, relating the modular commutator to crossing angles of Ryu-Takayanagi surfaces in AdS/CFT.

Conclusions:

  • The modular commutator provides a universal, computable measure of quantum state chirality.
  • The derived formula offers a powerful tool for analyzing entanglement in various quantum systems.
  • The AdS/CFT correspondence offers a geometric perspective on entanglement measures in quantum field theory.