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Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

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One-Electron Quantum Cyclotron as a Milli-eV Dark-Photon Detector.

Xing Fan^1,2, Gerald Gabrielse², Peter W Graham^3,4

¹Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.

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Trapped electrons can detect dark photon dark matter by resonantly exciting electron cyclotron states. A proof-of-principle experiment sets new limits on dark photon dark matter, improving constraints by 75 times.

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Area of Science:

Experimental physics
Particle astrophysics
Quantum optics

Background:

Dark matter constitutes a significant portion of the universe's mass.
Dark photons are a compelling dark matter candidate in the meV mass range.
Detecting meV dark matter requires highly sensitive experimental techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and demonstrate a novel method for detecting meV dark matter using trapped electrons.
To establish new experimental constraints on dark photon dark matter properties.

Main Methods:

Utilizing trapped electrons as high-Q resonators.
Exploiting resonant excitation of electron cyclotron states by dark photons.
Performing a background-free proof-of-principle measurement with a single electron.

Main Results:

Demonstrated a background-free detection method over a 7.4-day search.
Set a new limit on dark photon dark matter at 148 GHz (0.6 meV).
Achieved a 75-fold improvement over previous experimental constraints.

Conclusions:

Trapped electrons offer a promising avenue for detecting meV dark photon dark matter.
The proposed method has the potential to detect dark photon dark matter in the 0.1-1 meV mass range.
Future apparatus designs could further enhance detection sensitivity.