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Clinical Impact of Drug-Coated Balloon-Based Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Multivessel Coronary
Eun-Seok Shin1, Eun Jung Jun1, Sunwon Kim2
1Department of Cardiology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, South Korea.
Insights
Drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment for multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) significantly reduced stent burden and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) compared to drug-eluting stents (DES). This approach offers a safer alternative with improved long-term outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Interventional Cardiology
- Vascular Medicine
- Biomaterials in Medicine
Background:
- Limited data exist on drug-coated balloon (DCB) efficacy in multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD).
- Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for multivessel CAD often involves significant stent implantation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of DCB-based treatment on PCI outcomes in patients with multivessel CAD.
- To compare DCB-based strategies with traditional drug-eluting stent (DES)-only approaches.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 254 patients treated with DCBs (alone or with DES) versus 254 propensity-matched patients treated with second-generation DES.
- Primary endpoint: Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) at 2-year follow-up, including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization, and major bleeding.
Main Results:
- DCB-based treatment significantly reduced stent number (65.4%) and length (63.7%) compared to DES-only.
- The DCB-based group exhibited a lower MACE rate (3.9% vs. 11.0%; P=0.002) at 2 years.
- The DES-only group showed a higher incidence of cardiac death and major bleeding.
Conclusions:
- DCB-based treatment effectively reduces stent burden in multivessel PCI.
- This approach demonstrates improved long-term outcomes and safety compared to DES-only treatment for multivessel CAD.
- Reduced stent-related events may contribute to better long-term results with DCB therapy.
Background:
Data on drug-coated balloon (DCB) treatment in the context of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) are limited.
Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of DCB-based treatment on percutaneous coronary intervention for multivessel CAD.
Methods:
A total of 254 patients with multivessel disease successfully treated with DCBs or in combination with drug-eluting stents (DES) were retrospectively enrolled (DCB-based group) and compared with 254 propensity-matched patients treated with second-generation DES from the PTRG-DES (Platelet Function and Genotype-Related Long-Term Prognosis in Drug-Eluting Stent-Treated Patients With Coronary Artery Disease) registry (n = 13,160) (DES-only group). Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) comprised cardiac death, myocardial infarction, stroke, stent thrombosis, target vessel revascularization, and major bleeding at 2 years.
Results:
Baseline clinical characteristics were comparable between the groups. In the DCB-based group, 34.3% of patients were treated with DCBs only and 65.7% were treated with the DES hybrid approach. The number of stents and total stent length were significantly reduced by 65.4% and 63.7%, respectively, in the DCB-based group compared with the DES-only group. Moreover, the DCB-based group had a lower rate of MACE than the DES-only group (3.9% and 11.0%; P = 0.002) at 2-year follow-up. The DES-only group had a higher risk for cardiac death and major bleeding.
Conclusions:
The DCB-based treatment approach showed a significantly reduced stent burden for multivessel percutaneous coronary intervention and led to a lower rate of MACE than the DES-only treatment. This study shows that DCB-based treatment approach safely reduces stent burden in multivessel CAD, and improved long-term outcomes may be expected by reducing stent-related events. (Impact of Drug-Coated Balloon Treatment in De Novo Coronary Lesion; NCT04619277).
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