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Neuroprosthetics: from sensorimotor to cognitive disorders.

Ankur Gupta1, Nikolaos Vardalakis1, Fabien B Wagner2

  • 1Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000, Bordeaux, France.

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|January 7, 2023
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Summary

Neuroprosthetics, using electrical neuromodulation, are evolving from sensory and motor restoration to potentially treating cognitive deficits like dementia. Future systems require multisite, bidirectional neural interaction.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroprosthetics

Background:

  • Neuroprosthetics have advanced significantly over 60 years for sensory and motor disorders.
  • Application to higher-order cognitive functions remains in early stages.
  • Neurological disorders and injuries often disrupt nervous system functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of neuroprosthetics.
  • To explore their application from sensorimotor to cognitive disorders.
  • To highlight key principles for advanced neuroprosthetic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing neuroprosthetics literature.
  • Analysis of neuroprosthetic evolution across different functional domains.
  • Identification of common principles in neuroprosthetic design.

Main Results:

  • Neuroprosthetic applications are expanding beyond sensory-motor functions.
  • Electrical neuromodulation shows promise for cognitive and memory deficits, especially in dementia.
  • Multisite, bidirectional interaction is crucial for effective neuroprosthetic systems.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroprosthetics are transitioning towards cognitive applications.
  • Further development requires systems enabling complex neural interactions.
  • This field holds potential for treating neurological and cognitive impairments.