Development of a three-dimensional dose evaluation method for computed tomography

During a single scan using computed tomography, an X-ray tube orbits along a 360°-circular path around the patient. A scan obtained using the half-cylindrical type phantoms with a radiochromic film sandwiched in between reveals a pixel value map illustrating the two-dimensional (2D) dose distribution. A three-dimensional (3D) dose distribution can be obtained with a 360° rotation of the 2D dose map. This study evaluates the concept and methodology of creating a 3D dose map to develop a phantom with a radiochromic film for obtaining the 3D dose distribution. The coronal and axial plane dose distributions were also evaluated. A single scan computed tomography image obtained using a half-cylindrical type of acrylic phantom with a sandwiched radiochromic film was studied. The diameters of the phantoms were 10 and 16 cm, and their lengths were 30 cm. A 2D image of the XR-QA2 film was obtained using an image scanner and image processing software. A red channel image was used to obtain the 3D dose distribution using a computing platform. A pseudo color was applied to the red channel image from which cross-sectional color images were obtained. Half of the cross-sectional pixel data were rotated by 360° to generate the data for each axial plane. The image created was saved, and a 3D pixel value map was constructed. The dose measurement procedure for the 3D dose distribution was developed using half-cylindrical acrylic phantoms with a radiochromic film.