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Near-Infrared Transillumination for Occlusal Carious Lesion Detection: A Retrospective Reliability Study.

Muna Mohamed Nur1, Lydia Vazquez2, Clara Anton Y Otero1

  • 1Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University Clinics of Dental Medicine (CUMD), University of Geneva, rue Michel-Servet 1, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.

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|January 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Near-infrared transillumination (NIRT) and visual examination reliably detect early occlusal caries in low-risk patients. These methods allow for monitoring of dental caries over time, unlike bitewing radiographs.

Keywords:
DIAGNOcamICDASbitewing radiographcariesearly occlusal lesionsmonitoringnear-infrared transillumination (NIRT)occlusal caries detectionocclusal carious lesions

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Area of Science:

  • Dental diagnostics
  • Cariology
  • Preventive dentistry

Background:

  • Accurate detection of early occlusal caries is crucial for timely intervention in low caries risk populations.
  • Traditional methods like bitewing radiographs may have limitations in identifying subtle enamel changes.
  • Exploring reliable, non-invasive diagnostic tools is essential for effective caries management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reliability of near-infrared transillumination (NIRT), bitewing radiographs (BW), and clinical images (CI) for detecting occlusal carious lesions.
  • To assess the agreement between and within these diagnostic methods over a 2-year follow-up period.
  • To determine the suitability of NIRT and clinical examination for monitoring early enamel caries in low caries risk individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 188 occlusal surfaces from a low caries risk population.
  • Surfaces were classified as sound, early lesion, or distinct lesion.
  • Kappa statistics were used to assess inter- and intra-examiner agreement and correlation between NIRT, BW, and CI.

Main Results:

  • Examiners detected early occlusal lesions more frequently using visual examination and NIRT.
  • Lesions identified by NIRT and visual exam were confirmed at the 2-year follow-up.
  • Bitewing radiographs (BW) predominantly showed sound surfaces in both examinations.

Conclusions:

  • Near-infrared transillumination (NIRT) combined with clinical examination is appropriate for detecting and monitoring early enamel caries on occlusal surfaces in low caries risk populations.
  • NIRT and visual examination demonstrate reliability for detecting and tracking the progression of early occlusal lesions over time.
  • Bitewing radiographs appear less sensitive for detecting early occlusal carious lesions in this population.