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Optimizing Disaster Preparedness Planning for Minority Older Adults: One Size Does Not Fit All
Omolola E Adepoju1, Luz Herrera2, Minji Chae3
1Department of Health Systems and Population Health Sciences, Tilman J. Fertitta Family College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA.
Summary
Many older minority adults lack disaster preparedness. Medicare coverage was linked to better preparedness, highlighting a need for targeted interventions in vulnerable elderly communities.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology and Public Health
- Disaster Preparedness and Emergency Management
- Health Disparities Research
Background:
- The U.S. population is aging, with older adults (65+) projected to be one-fifth of Americans by 2050.
- Aging demographics necessitate a focus on health-related aspects, including disaster preparedness among the elderly.
- Minority older adults represent a significant demographic facing unique challenges in disaster preparedness.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess factors associated with disaster preparedness among community-dwelling minority older adults.
- To explore specific differences in disaster preparedness between African American and Hispanic older adults.
- To identify correlates of survival and planning actions related to disaster preparedness.
Main Methods:
- An electronic survey was administered to 522 minority older adults aged 55+ between November 2020 and January 2021.
- An empirical framework was used to categorize 12 disaster-related activities into survival and planning actions.
- Multivariate logistic regression models were stratified by race/ethnicity (African American and Hispanic) to analyze preparedness correlates.
Main Results:
- Approximately 60% of older minority adults surveyed did not feel prepared for disasters.
- Medicare coverage showed a positive association with both survival and planning actions for disaster preparedness.
- For African American older adults, income level and prior disaster experience were linked to survival actions.
Conclusions:
- Significant gaps exist in disaster preparedness among elderly minority populations.
- Medicare coverage appears to be a protective factor for disaster preparedness in this demographic.
- Culturally sensitive interventions are crucial for improving disaster preparedness and recovery in elderly minority communities.
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