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Financial development impacts carbon dioxide emissions nonlinearly. Positive effects stem from scale and structure, while technological advancements drive negative impacts, offering solutions for sustainable economic growth.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Economics
  • Financial Economics
  • Regional Economics

Background:

  • Economic development often exacerbates environmental pollution, creating a critical contradiction.
  • Understanding the financial development-carbon dioxide emissions nexus is crucial for sustainable solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nonlinear relationship between financial development and carbon dioxide emissions in China.
  • To identify the mechanisms through which financial development influences carbon emissions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a panel smooth transition regression (PSTR) model.
  • Analyzed panel data from 28 Chinese provinces (2005-2021).
  • Addressed model endogeneity, heterogeneity, and potential outliers for robust findings.

Main Results:

  • Financial development exhibits a nonlinear impact on carbon dioxide emissions.
  • Positive effects are driven by scale and structural changes; negative effects by technological improvements.
  • Financial added value and scale show smooth transitions; financial efficiency and FDI have positive influences.

Conclusions:

  • Financial development's influence on carbon emissions is complex and context-dependent.
  • Policy interventions should consider the distinct pathways (scale, structure, technology) of financial development's impact.
  • Targeted financial strategies can promote emission reduction alongside economic growth.