Recent Advances in Surface Modifications of Elemental Two-Dimensional Materials: Structures, Properties, and...

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Condensed Matter Physics
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• Graphene's discovery spurred research into two-dimensional (2D) materials, particularly single-element Xenes.
• Currently, 16 types of Xenes have been explored, exhibiting unique electronic, optical, and mechanical properties.
• Synthesis methods include epitaxy, mechanical, and liquid phase exfoliation, with ongoing efforts to synthesize new Xenes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review recent advancements in tuning the properties of elemental 2D materials (Xenes).
• To focus on surface modification techniques for Xenes.
• To highlight the potential of modified Xenes in diverse technological applications.

Main Methods:

• Summarizing recent literature on Xene surface modifications.
• Analyzing controllable approaches such as doping, adsorption, strain, intercalation, and phase transitions.
• Reviewing methods for tuning electronic, optical, mechanical, and chemical properties.

Main Results:

• Surface modifications effectively tune the properties of various Xenes.
• Controllable approaches enable precise property adjustments.
• Modified Xenes show promise for applications in spintronics, electronics, optoelectronics, and more.

Conclusions:

• Surface modification of Xenes is crucial for optimizing their performance.
• These advancements provide a foundation for developing novel 2D materials.
• Tailored Xenes are poised for significant impact across multiple scientific and technological fields.