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Interplay between Lignans and Gut Microbiota: Nutritional, Functional and Methodological Aspects.

Simone Baldi1, Marta Tristán Asensi1, Marco Pallecchi2

  • 1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50134 Florence, Italy.

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|January 8, 2023
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Summary

Dietary lignans are converted by gut microbiota into enterolignans, which offer anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits. Accurate analytical methods are crucial for studying these compounds for potential nutraceutical use.

Keywords:
GC-MSHPLCenterolignansgut microbiotalignansphytoestrogens

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Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Biochemistry
  • Microbiology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Lignans are plant compounds found in common foods like seeds, fruits, and beverages.
  • The human gut microbiota (GM) transforms lignans into bioactive enterolignans (enterolactone and enterodiol).
  • Enterolignans possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and estrogen receptor-modulating properties, potentially impacting chronic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the health benefits of enterolignans.
  • To explore the interaction between dietary lignans, gut microbiota, and enterolignan bioactivation.
  • To discuss advancements in analytical methods for enterolignan quantification.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on lignans, gut microbiota, and enterolignans.
  • Analysis of research on the biological activities and health effects of enterolignans.
  • Examination of analytical techniques, particularly chromatography-mass spectrometry, for enterolignan measurement.

Main Results:

  • Enterolignans exhibit protective effects against colorectal and breast cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Factors like diet and gut transit time influence enterolignan levels, leading to inter-individual variability.
  • Precise analytical methods are essential for accurate enterolignan quantification in biological samples.

Conclusions:

  • Enterolignans show promise as nutraceuticals for preventing chronic disorders.
  • Understanding the interplay between lignans, GM, and enterolignan metabolism is key.
  • Further development and validation of analytical methods are needed for clinical applications.