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Step-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:03

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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Step growth polymerization involves bi or multifunctional monomers. Bifunctional monomers react to form linear step growth polymers, whereas multifunctional monomers react to form non-linear or branched polymers.
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Fused Filament Fabrication FFF of Metal-Ceramic Components
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Fused Deposition Modelling of Polymer Composite: A Progress.

J Mogan1, W S W Harun2, K Kadirgama3

  • 1Institute of Postgraduate Studies, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia.

Polymers
|January 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) polymer composites enhance part properties. This review synthesizes 2011-2021 research on FDM polymer composites, covering materials, processing, and applications.

Keywords:
FDMapplicationcompositepolymerprocess parameterproperties

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science and Engineering
  • Additive Manufacturing
  • Polymer Science

Background:

  • Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), is widely used for polymer part fabrication.
  • Limitations in mechanical properties and surface finish of FDM-processed polymers restrict their structural applications.
  • Enhancing polymer properties through composite development is crucial for expanding FDM's capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and document critical information on Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)-ed polymer composite processing for part fabrication.
  • To synthesize findings from over 150 high-impact research articles published between 2011 and 2021.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of published research on FDM-ed polymer composites from 2011-2021.
  • Analysis of base and filler materials used in polymer composites for FDM.
  • Discussion of key process parameters including layer height, nozzle temperature, bed temperature, and screw type.

Main Results:

  • Identified trends in base and filler materials for FDM polymer composites.
  • Detailed the influence of critical process parameters on the properties of FDM-ed polymer composites.
  • Highlighted the diverse applications of FDM-ed polymer composites in biomedical, automotive, and manufacturing industries.

Conclusions:

  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) of polymer composites offers a viable route to improve part characteristics.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview of the field, serving as a foundational resource for future research.
  • Further investigation into optimized material compositions and processing parameters can unlock broader structural applications for FDM.