Enhanced Organic Pollutant Removal Efficiency of Electrospun NiTiO₃/TiO₂-Decorated Carbon Nanofibers

A nanocomposite comprised of nickel titanate/titania nanoparticles decorated with carbon nanofibers (NiTiO₃/TiO₂-decorated CNFs) is successfully synthesized via electrospinning and further utilized for methylene blue (MB) photodegradation. The morphology, phase, structural and chemical composition of the nanocomposite is investigated via scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive X-ray. A mathematical model is developed to predict the photocatalytic activity of the produced nanocomposite by considering parameters such as initial dye concentration, light intensity, reaction temperature, and catalyst dosage. The reaction rate constant K₁ decreased from 0.0153 to 0.0044 min^-1 with an increase in the MB concentration from 5 to 15 mg L^-1, while K₂, K₃, and K₄ were found to increase with the increase in reaction temperature (0.0153 to 0.0222 min^-1), light intensity (0.0153 to 0.0228 min^-1) and catalyst dose concentration (0.0153 to 0.0324 min^-1), respectively. The results obtained are found to be in good agreement with the modeling results and showed effective photodegradation activity. The performance of our catalyst is found to be better compared to other catalysts previously reported in the literature. The recyclability data of the synthesized NiTiO₃/TiO₂-decorated CNFs catalyst for four runs show that the catalyst is quite stable and recyclable. This nanocomposite photocatalyst offers a low-cost solution for wastewater pollution problems and opens new avenues to further explore the electrospinning method for the synthesis of nanocomposites.