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Construction and Characterization of External Cavity Diode Lasers for Atomic Physics
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Comparison of Different Linewidth Measuring Methods for Narrow Linewidth Laser.

Ziqi Zheng1, Qiaoxia Luo1, Xian Wang1

  • 1Department of Optical Engineering, School of Physics, Hefei University of Technology, Feicui Road 420, Hefei 230601, China.

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Summary

This study demonstrates fiber lasers with tunable linewidths using self-injection locking (SIL) and stimulated Brillouin scattering. It also analyzes methods for measuring laser linewidth, crucial for optical applications.

Keywords:
Voigt fittingdelayed self-heterodyne interferometryself-correlation envelopeself-injection lockingsingle longitudinal mode laserstimulated Brillouin scattering

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Laser Physics

Background:

  • Fiber lasers are essential for various applications, requiring precise control over their spectral characteristics.
  • Laser linewidth is a critical parameter affecting performance in optical systems.
  • Accurate linewidth measurement techniques are vital for laser characterization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally demonstrate a fiber laser with tunable linewidths using self-injection locking (SIL) and stimulated Brillouin scattering.
  • To investigate the error origins, resolution, and applicable ranges of three linewidth measurement methods: delayed self-heterodyne interferometry (DSHI), self-correlation envelope linewidth detection (SCELD), and Voigt fitting.
  • To establish criteria for selecting appropriate linewidth measurement techniques based on spectral characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a custom fiber laser setup.
  • Experimental and numerical investigation of SIL and stimulated Brillouin scattering effects on laser linewidth.
  • Comparative analysis of DSHI, SCELD, and Voigt fitting for linewidth determination.
  • Evaluation of spectral properties (Lorentzian/non-Lorentzian, pedestal, jitter) influencing measurement accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Laser linewidth achieved through SIL varied from 1.7 kHz to 587 Hz depending on injection power.
  • A Brillouin erbium fiber laser exhibited a Lorentzian linewidth of 60 ± 5 Hz.
  • Specific conditions were identified for the reliable application of DSHI, SCELD, and Voigt fitting.

Conclusions:

  • The linewidth of fiber lasers can be effectively tuned using SIL and stimulated Brillouin scattering.
  • The choice of linewidth measurement technique must align with the laser's spectral characteristics for accurate results.
  • This research provides guidelines for selecting appropriate linewidth measurement methods, enhancing laser characterization.