[Sex and gender differences in frailty in patients with cardiovascular diseases.]
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Updated: Aug 15, 2025

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Published on: July 26, 2024
O L Barbarash1, K E Krivoshapova1
1Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases, 6 Sosnovy Boulevard, Kemerovo 650002, Russian Federation,
Abstract:
The review describes sexual and gender differences as key factors affecting the pathological aging processes. The latest data presenting risk factors as possible causes of inequality in frailty in men and women with cardiovascular diseases are given. Data on gender inequality in detection of frailty and the associated paradox between health status and mortality rates are analyzed. The reasons for the contradictory results of previous studies have been identified. PubMed was used for literature searching.
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