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Sound Source Localization Testing in Single-sided Deafness Following Bone Conduction Intervention
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Auditory rehabilitation after temporal bone fracture with cochlear implants - a case control study.

Katharina Heine1, Max Eike Timm1,2, Lutz Gärtner1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Cochlear Implants International
|January 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Temporal bone fractures can lead to hearing loss, impacting cochlear implant outcomes. Early cochlear implantation before cochlear ossification is recommended for better speech understanding.

Keywords:
Cochlear ImplantCochlear ObliterationCochlear OssificationTemporal Bone Fracture

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Neurosurgery
  • Audiology

Background:

  • Temporal bone fractures can cause posttraumatic deafness.
  • Sequelae such as cochlear ossification or obliteration can complicate cochlear implantation outcomes.
  • Fracture localization influences morphologic, electric, and functional outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of temporal bone fracture localization on cochlear implantation outcomes.
  • To analyze morphologic, electric, and functional criteria in patients with temporal bone fractures undergoing cochlear implantation.

Main Methods:

  • A study group of 61 ears with hearing loss from temporal bone fractures was analyzed.
  • Patients were categorized into otic capsule sparing (OCS) and otic capsule involving (OCI) fractures.
  • OCI fractures were further divided into subgroups with or without cochlear ossification; postoperative imaging, hearing tests, and electrode impedances were assessed.

Main Results:

  • The OCI group, particularly those with ossification, demonstrated lower speech understanding scores.
  • OCI fractures with ossification showed increased electrode impedances.
  • Patients in the OCI group experienced more frequent facial nerve stimulation (FNS), most notably in the ossification subgroup.

Conclusions:

  • Cochlear implantation is an effective treatment for deafness due to temporal bone fractures, yielding comparable long-term results to standard cochlear implant patients.
  • Prompt cochlear implantation after hearing loss is advised to prevent cochlear obliteration or ossification.
  • Fracture involvement of the otic capsule, especially with ossification, negatively impacts cochlear implantation outcomes.