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Non-COVID infections causing MIS-C in COVID recovered children: An association or co-illness - A case series

Nidhi Bedi1, Richa1, Jasleen Kaur1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, SGT Medical College, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care
|January 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

New infections, like bacterial or viral, may trigger multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in those previously infected with SARS-CoV-2. Prompt MIS-C specific therapy is crucial for recovery in these cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has seen a rise in multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C).
  • The precise triggers and risk factors for MIS-C development remain unclear.
  • The role of subsequent infections in COVID-19 recovered children as a trigger for MIS-C is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential link between new bacterial or viral infections and the onset of MIS-C in children with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To present a case series illustrating the clinical course and treatment response in such patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective case series analysis of four children diagnosed with MIS-C.
  • Documented history of prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Identification of concurrent bacterial or viral infections preceding MIS-C diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • All four patients had a confirmed history of SARS-CoV-2 infection followed by a new bacterial or viral infection.
  • Standard treatments for the acute infections did not yield improvement.
  • All patients demonstrated significant clinical improvement upon initiation of specific MIS-C therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Subsequent bacterial or viral infections may act as a trigger for MIS-C in children previously infected with SARS-CoV-2.
  • Early recognition and specific treatment for MIS-C are vital for positive patient outcomes.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and identify at-risk populations.

Keywords:
COVIDMIS-Cinfectionsinflammatoryshock

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