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Total Joint Arthroplasty Patient Demographics Before and After Coronavirus Disease 2019 Elective Surgery Restrictions

Morgan McCoy1, Natalie Touchet1, Andrew G Chapple1

  • 1Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (LSUHSC) Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, New Orleans, LA, USA.

Arthroplasty Today
|January 9, 2023
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic led to changes in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) procedures, with more hip replacements and an increase in Medicaid patients post-restrictions. Lengths of stay also decreased, reflecting shifts in insurance and outpatient care.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Public Health
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused a halt in nonemergent total joint arthroplasty (TJA) procedures in early 2020.
  • This study investigates the impact of these restrictions on TJA access and patient demographics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the effects of COVID-19 restrictions on total joint arthroplasty (TJA) procedures.
  • To identify potential disparities in healthcare access resulting from the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Demographic data of TJA patients from May-December 2019 (pre-COVID-19) and May-December 2020 (post-COVID-19) were analyzed.
  • Statistical tests including Fisher exact tests and two-sample t-tests were used to compare patient characteristics and procedure counts.

Main Results:

  • TJA procedures increased in 2020 compared to 2019 (1151 vs. 882).
  • There was a relative increase in total hip arthroplasty (THA) versus total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and a shift towards Medicaid insurance coverage.
  • Average length of stay decreased, with more procedures performed on an outpatient basis.

Conclusions:

  • Post-COVID-19 restrictions saw a rise in THA, increased Medicaid utilization, and reduced hospital stays.
  • These changes may indicate shifts in insurance status and a trend toward same-day discharge procedures.
Abstract

Keywords:
COVID-19DemographicsTHATJATKA

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