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Advances in peptides encoded by non-coding RNAs: A cargo in exosome
Jing Yang1,2,3, Mengxiao Liu1,2,3, Xidong Fang1,2,3
1The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
Frontiers in Oncology
|January 9, 2023
Summary
Identifying novel cancer markers is crucial for patient prognosis. This review explores non-coding RNAs and exosome-transported peptides as potential early diagnostic and prognostic tools for malignant tumors.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Tumor metastasis significantly impacts patient prognosis and cancer treatment outcomes.
- Current molecular markers lack sufficient clinical accuracy and specificity for early cancer detection and prognosis.
- Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulate tumor development, and some can be translated into functional peptides.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide a theoretical foundation for ncRNA-encoded peptides or proteins within exosomes.
- To explore the potential of exosome-associated ncRNA-derived molecules as diagnostic and prognostic cancer markers.
- To offer insights for the development of novel cancer biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing scientific literature on non-coding RNAs, exosomes, and cancer biomarkers.
- Analysis of the mechanisms by which ncRNAs encode peptides and their transport via exosomes.
- Synthesis of current findings on exosome peptides in cancer diagnostics and prognostics.
Main Results:
- Non-coding RNAs can yield functional peptides with potential roles in cancer.
- Exosomes serve as crucial mediators for intercellular communication, transporting ncRNAs and peptides.
- Emerging evidence suggests exosome peptides hold promise as novel diagnostic and prognostic markers.
Conclusions:
- ncRNA-encoded peptides transported by exosomes represent a promising area for biomarker discovery.
- Further research into these molecules could lead to improved early detection and prognosis of malignant tumors.
- This review provides a framework for developing advanced cancer diagnostic and prognostic tools.
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