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CPR in children.

A Zaritsky1, V Nadkarni, P Getson

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital National Medical Center, Washington, DC.

Annals of Emergency Medicine
|October 1, 1987
PubMed
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Pediatric cardiac arrest (CA) has a high mortality rate, with no specific lab or demographic factors predicting outcomes. However, the number of epinephrine doses in CA and bicarbonate in respiratory arrest (RA) correlated with survival in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) outcomes
  • Pediatric emergency medicine

Background:

  • Limited research exists on pediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
  • Factors predicting survival in pediatric arrest are not well understood.
  • Prevalence of ionized hypocalcemia in pediatric arrest requires further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To longitudinally determine demographic and laboratory data of pediatric arrest victims.
  • To identify factors predictive of outcome in pediatric arrest.
  • To determine the prevalence of ionized hypocalcemia in pediatric arrest victims.

Main Methods:

  • A one-year observational study in a tertiary care children's hospital.
  • Patients classified into respiratory arrest (RA) and cardiac arrest (CA) groups.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Step-wise discriminant analysis used to identify predictive factors for outcome.

    • Main Results:

    • 113 arrests in 93 children; 53 CA (90.6% mortality) and 40 RA (32.5% mortality).
    • No demographic or laboratory values significantly predicted outcome.
    • Epinephrine doses in CA and bicarbonate in RA correlated with outcome; no CA patients receiving >2 epinephrine doses survived.

    Conclusions:

    • Pediatric cardiac arrest carries a high mortality rate.
    • The number of resuscitation medication doses may be associated with outcomes.
    • Low ionized calcium was observed in 10 patients, often with septic shock or renal failure.