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Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancing Cancer Associated Thrombosis Research in Rodent Models
Published on: January 5, 2024
Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus: did we make progress in oncologic outcomes and complications?
Samuel Gold1, Jacob Taylor1, Vitaly Margulis1,2
1Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
Purpose Of Review:
Surgery for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (TT) remains one of the most complex surgeries performed with high rates of associated complications and perioperative mortality. Surgical techniques and neoadjuvant therapies have an important role to play in improving outcomes. This review provides a narrative analysis of recent literature on patients with RCC and TT.
Recent Findings:
Several imaging techniques are emerging that may improve diagnostic staging of tumor thrombus level. Robotic approaches to surgical resection for all thrombi levels is feasible and safe, while longer term outcomes for higher level thrombi continues to mature. Early data on neoadjuvant immunotherapy and radiotherapy have shown improvements in complication rates and intermediate term oncologic outcomes.
Summary:
Data suggests that neoadjuvant therapies and minimally invasive techniques may improve outcomes in patients undergoing surgical resection for RCC with tumor thrombus. Larger multiinstitutional series are needed to confirm the benefit of these techniques as well as the durable long term oncologic outcomes.
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