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Towards a World Wide Web without digital inequality.

Moumena Chaqfeh1, Rohail Asim1, Bedoor AlShebli1

  • 1Computer Science, Science Division, New York University Abu Dhabi 129188 Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|January 9, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The World Wide Web (WWW) is slower and more expensive for users with limited bandwidth and low-end phones. A new solution, Lite-Web, significantly improves web browsing accessibility for underserved populations.

Keywords:
World Wide Webdigital dividelow-end mobile phone

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICTD)

Background:

  • The World Wide Web (WWW) offers significant benefits for developing regions, including education and economic opportunities.
  • A substantial digital divide exists, with users in developing regions experiencing poorer internet access due to limited bandwidth and low-end devices.
  • Websites are increasingly designed for high-performance devices, exacerbating the experience gap for less privileged users.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the disparity in mobile data costs and page load times across different geographical locations.
  • To assess the impact of evolving web design trends on accessibility for users with limited resources.
  • To develop and evaluate a practical solution for bridging the digital divide by optimizing web accessibility.

Main Methods:

  • Field measurements of mobile data costs and average page load times were conducted in 56 cities.
  • Analysis of historical trends in popular webpage design and resource requirements.
  • Development and user-based evaluation of a web optimization solution named Lite-Web in Pakistan.

Main Results:

  • Significant variations in mobile data costs and page load times were observed, with some locations being orders of magnitude more expensive and four times slower.
  • Webpage complexity has increased over time, demanding higher processing power and bandwidth.
  • Lite-Web demonstrated substantial performance improvements, making the browsing experience comparable to high-end devices, without compromising visual appearance or functionality.

Conclusions:

  • The digital divide in web access is substantial and growing due to increasing webpage demands.
  • Lite-Web offers a scalable and practical solution to enhance web accessibility for users with limited bandwidth and devices.
  • Widespread deployment of Lite-Web can significantly reduce digital inequality, promoting a more inclusive World Wide Web.