A radiomics model development via the associations with genomics features in predicting axillary lymph node...

To evaluate the predictive performance of the radiomics model in predicting axillary lymph node (ALN) metastasis through the associations between radiomics features and genomic features in patients with breast cancer.

Patients with breast cancer were enrolled retrospectively from a public database (111 patients as training group) and one hospital (15 patients as external validation group). The genomics features from transcriptome data and radiomics features from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were collected. Firstly, overlapping genes were identified using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and differentially expressed gene analysis, while radiomics features were reduced using a data-driven method. Then, the associations between overlapping genes and retained radiomics features were assessed to obtain key pairs of radiomics-genomics features. Furthermore, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to detect the key-pairs features. Finally, radiomics and genomics models were constructed to predict ALN metastasis.

After using the hybrid data- and gene-driven selection method, key pairs of features were detected, which consisted of six radiomic features associated with four genomic features. The radiomics model exhibited comparable performance to the genomics model in predicting ALN metastasis (radiomic model: area under the curve [AUC] = 0.71, sensitivity = 77%, specificity = 56%; genomic model: AUC = 0.72, sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 74%). The four genomic features were enriched in six pathways and related to metabolism and human diseases.

The radiomics model established using the gene-driven hybrid selection method could predict ALN metastasis in breast cancer, which showed comparable performance to the genomics model.