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Pulmonary Hypertension Definition, Classification, and Epidemiology in Asia.
James J Anderson1,2, Edmund M Lau3,4
1Respiratory Department, Sunshine Coast University Hospital, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia.
JACC. Asia
|January 10, 2023
Summary
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a serious condition with high mortality. This review focuses on PH epidemiology in Asia, noting regional differences in causes like congenital heart disease.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology and Respiratory Medicine
- Epidemiology of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases
Background:
- Pulmonary hypertension (PH) encompasses diverse conditions linked to increased mortality.
- Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) specifically affects distal pulmonary arteries, with available treatments.
- Recent changes in hemodynamic definitions may improve PAH recognition and treatment timing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To summarize the definition, classification, and epidemiology of pulmonary hypertension (PH).
- To highlight PH characteristics pertinent to the Asian population.
- To discuss geographic variations in PH etiologies.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on pulmonary hypertension definition, classification, and epidemiology.
- Analysis of regional differences in PH prevalence and causes, with a focus on Asia.
- Comparison of PH etiologies in Asia versus Western countries.
Main Results:
- Left heart disease is the most common global cause of PH.
- Asia exhibits a higher proportion of PH related to congenital heart disease and connective tissue diseases (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus) compared to Western regions.
- Geographic variations in PH etiology are significant.
Conclusions:
- Understanding PH definition and classification is crucial for patient management.
- Specific PH etiologies vary geographically, with distinct patterns observed in Asia.
- Recognizing regional epidemiological differences is essential for targeted PH research and clinical practice in Asia.
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