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Cell Signaling in Plants

Cell Signaling in Plants

Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance Transport of Resources

Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.

Overview of Cell Signaling

Overview of Cell Signaling

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...

What is Cell Signaling?

What is Cell Signaling?

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.

Contact-dependent Signaling

Contact-dependent Signaling

Contact-dependent signaling, as the name suggests, requires that communicating cells be in direct contact with each other. This is achieved either through receptor-ligand interactions or by specialized cytoplasmic channels that allow the flow of small molecules between cells. In animal cells, channels called gap junctions facilitate contact-dependent signaling in certain tissues, whereas, plasmodesmata perform a similar function in plants.
Gap Junctions
In animal cells, gap junctions are formed...

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Interactions Between Signaling Pathways

Signaling cascades usually lack linearity. Multiple pathways interact and regulate one another, allowing cells to integrate and respond to diverse environmental stimuli.
Convergence and divergence, and cross-talk between signaling pathways
Two distinct signaling pathways can converge on a single functional unit, which may either be a single protein or a complex of proteins. The response is either functionally distinct or synergistic between the two pathways but different from the response...

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Wide-Field, Real-Time Imaging of Local and Systemic Wound Signals in Arabidopsis

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Published on: June 4, 2021

Between-Plant Signaling.

Guojing Shen^1,2, Jingxiong Zhang^1,2, Yunting Lei^1,2

¹Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China; email: shenguojing@mail.kib.ac.cn, zhangjingxiong@mail.kib.ac.cn, leiyunting@mail.kib.ac.cn, xuyuxing@mail.kib.ac.cn, wujianqiang@mail.kib.ac.cn.

Annual Review of Plant Biology

|January 10, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Parasitic plants and mycorrhizal fungi facilitate molecule and signal transfer between plants, impacting ecological interactions and adaptation. This study reviews between-plant signaling via haustoria and common mycelial networks.

Keywords:

arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi common mycelial networks interplant signaling parasitic plants systemic signaling

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Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

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Published on: July 22, 2017

Area of Science:

Plant Biology
Ecology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Parasitic plants utilize haustoria to connect with host vascular systems (phloem and xylem).
Mycorrhizal fungi form common mycelial networks (CMNs) that interconnect multiple plants.
Between-plant communication is crucial for plant interactions and environmental adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize findings on biomolecule and systemic signal transfer between plants.
To explore the physiological and ecological implications of between-plant signaling.
To highlight the roles of haustoria and CMNs in this communication.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on parasitic plant-host interactions.
Analysis of research on mycorrhizal fungi and common mycelial networks.
Synthesis of current understanding of inter-plant signaling mechanisms.

Main Results:

Haustoria facilitate the transfer of water, nutrients, biomolecules (metabolites, RNAs, proteins), and signals between parasitic plants and hosts.
CMNs act as conduits for transferring stress-related signals between interconnected plants.
Between-plant signaling influences plant interactions and adaptation.

Conclusions:

Haustoria and CMNs are key mediators of between-plant communication.
Inter-plant signaling via these pathways has significant ecological and physiological consequences.
Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of this signaling.