Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids01:15

Opioid Analgesics: Synthetic and Semisynthetic Opioids

373
Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
373
Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

711
Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
711
Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II01:30

Specialized Care Centers and Settings-II

766
Rural Health Centers
Rural health centers are specialized care facilities in remote locations with very few medical personnel. The primary care providers who run the centers are mostly Registered Nurse Practitioners. Here, emergency treatment is provided to critically ill or injured patients before they are transferred to the closest hospital. Fortunately, due to advancement in technology, many rural healthcare facilities and professionals have easy access to diagnostic and treatment...
766
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

324
Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
324
Opioid Receptors: Overview01:22

Opioid Receptors: Overview

1.4K
Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
1.4K
Restorative Care01:19

Restorative Care

2.0K
Restorative care is provided once a patient has been discharged from a healthcare facility and requires additional services. The additional services include home care, rehabilitation programs, and extended care. Restorative care centers help the patient regain their previous level of functioning or acquire a new level of functioning due to the incapacitating effects of a disease or a disability. It aims to assist patients in enhancing their quality of life by encouraging independence,...
2.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating the Effectiveness and Safety of Exogenous Progesterone for the Continuation of Pregnancy After Exposure to Mifepristone.

The Linacre quarterly·2026
Same author

Improving Tdap vaccine uptake during pregnancy: a five-year analysis at a regional center.

Vaccine·2026
Same author

Regional Anesthesia for Penile Inversion Vaginoplasties.

Current pain and headache reports·2026
Same author

Thrombectomy in Lemierre's Syndrome: A Systematic Literature Review.

Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology·2026
Same author

A metabolite extracted from Escherichia coli suppresses tau aggregation.

The Biochemical journal·2026
Same author

Bullous Diseases in the Perioperative Setting: Anesthetic Considerations.

Cureus·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
08:05

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

Published on: March 23, 2022

2.6K

Autonomous Care Pathway to Patient Opioid Abstinence: Should All Programs Offer this Approach?

Akhil Patel1, Paul Dietz1, Angela Casto2

  • 1West Virginia University/Charleston Area Medical Center, Charleston, WV, United States.

Issues in Law & Medicine
|January 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

An outpatient therapeutic substitution program using Buprenorphine successfully eliminated neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) in infants born to mothers who achieved abstinence. This approach shows promise for managing opioid dependency during pregnancy.

Keywords:
Pregnancysubstance abusetherapeutic substitution

More Related Videos

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
10:35

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

Published on: November 11, 2013

11.2K
A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats
04:11

A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats

Published on: November 6, 2018

17.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence
08:05

A Procedure to Study Stress-Induced Relapse of Heroin Seeking after Punishment-Imposed Abstinence

Published on: March 23, 2022

2.6K
A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats
10:35

A Procedure to Study the Effect of Prolonged Food Restriction on Heroin Seeking in Abstinent Rats

Published on: November 11, 2013

11.2K
A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats
04:11

A Conditioned Place Preference Protocol for Measuring Incubation of Craving in Rats

Published on: November 6, 2018

17.1K

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Addiction Medicine
  • Neonatal Health

Background:

  • The opioid epidemic has led to a significant rise in neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS).
  • Managing opioid dependency in pregnant women presents unique challenges for both mother and child.
  • Existing treatment protocols require optimization to improve outcomes for NOWS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a gender-specific, patient-driven, autonomy-based outpatient therapeutic substitution program for pregnant women with opioid dependency.
  • To determine the impact of this program on the incidence of NOWS.
  • To compare birth outcomes among pregnant patients based on their participation and success in the therapeutic substitution program.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective observational study was conducted from 7/1/2016 to 12/31/2019.
  • Pregnant patients received universal urine drug screens and offered addiction counseling with voluntary outpatient therapeutic substitution using oral Buprenorphine tapering.
  • Outcomes were compared between groups: achieved abstinence, actively tapering, or continued opioid use, with urine and cord blood testing at delivery.

Main Results:

  • Of 783 births, 165 (20.9%) showed opioid use; 91 (55.2%) participated in the program.
  • Mothers who completed the Buprenorphine tapering protocol had zero babies born with NOWS (0/14).
  • In contrast, significant NOWS rates were observed in those still tapering (50%), lost to follow-up/relapsed (50.9%), or never enrolled (37.8%).

Conclusions:

  • Outpatient therapeutic substitution with oral Buprenorphine and achieved abstinence is a viable strategy to prevent NOWS in pregnant patients.
  • The program demonstrated a zero incidence of NOWS among participants who successfully completed the abstinence protocol.
  • Further research is needed to enhance patient retention and success rates in achieving abstinence during pregnancy.