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Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
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Not only monkeypox infection: Keratoderma blenorrhagicum.

Francesca Falcinelli1, Giovanni Rubegni2, Filomena Russo1

  • 1Dermatology Unit and Skin Bank, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurosciences, 9313Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy.

International Journal of STD & AIDS
|January 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A case of keratoderma blenorrhagicum mimicked monkeypox infection in an 18-year-old boy. Diagnosis was confirmed by Chlamydia trachomatis PCR and skin biopsy, highlighting the need for careful differential diagnosis.

Keywords:
Keratoderma blenorrhagicumchlamydia trachomatismonkeypox

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • The current global mpox (monkeypox) outbreak necessitates accurate and timely diagnosis.
  • Distinguishing mpox from other conditions with similar dermatological presentations is crucial for effective patient management.

Observation:

  • An 18-year-old male presented with a skin condition resembling mpox.
  • The patient exhibited keratoderma blenorrhagicum, a rare manifestation of reactive arthritis.
  • Initial presentation mimicked the characteristic rash of mpox.

Findings:

  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) testing of urine and urethral swabs confirmed Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
  • A biopsy of a palm lesion provided further diagnostic evidence.
  • The clinical and pathological findings led to a diagnosis of keratoderma blenorrhagicum, not mpox.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering non-mpox differential diagnoses in patients presenting with vesicular or pustular rashes.
  • Accurate identification of causative agents, such as Chlamydia trachomatis, is vital for appropriate treatment and preventing misdiagnosis during the mpox outbreak.
  • Understanding the diverse clinical presentations of various infections is essential for clinicians to ensure prompt and correct diagnosis.