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Related Concept Videos

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

Atherosclerosis I: Introduction

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Coronary Artery Disease I: Introduction

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Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): An Overview with Scientific InsightsCoronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as C-A-D, is a prevalent blood vessel disorder classified under the broader category of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a pathological process characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to the accumulation of atherosclerotic plaques. These plaques are composed of cholesterol, fatty substances, inflammatory cells, calcium, and fibrin, reducing blood flow to...
46
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

217
Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...
217
Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements

906
Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

629
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
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Elevated LDL Triglycerides and Atherosclerotic Risk.

Mie Balling1, Shoaib Afzal1, George Davey Smith2

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; The Copenhagen General Population Study, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|January 11, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) triglycerides significantly increase the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and its components. This finding was consistent across two cohort studies and meta-analyses, confirming a robust association.

Keywords:
atherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaselipidsremnantstriglyceride-rich lipoproteinsvery low-density lipoprotein

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine and Epidemiology
  • Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • The association between elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) triglycerides and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) remains incompletely understood.
  • Clarifying this relationship is crucial for refining cardiovascular risk assessment and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that elevated LDL triglycerides are significantly associated with an increased risk of ASCVD.
  • To determine the association of elevated LDL triglycerides with individual components of ASCVD, including ischemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, and peripheral artery disease.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Copenhagen General Population Study, measuring LDL triglycerides via direct automated assay (n=38,081) and NMR spectroscopy (n=30,208).
  • Conducted meta-analyses combining findings from the current study with previously published research.
  • Employed Cox proportional hazards models to assess hazard ratios (HRs) for ASCVD events per unit increase in LDL triglycerides.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive association was observed between higher direct LDL triglycerides and increased risk for ASCVD (HR=1.26), ischemic heart disease (HR=1.27), myocardial infarction (HR=1.28), ischemic stroke (HR=1.22), and peripheral artery disease (HR=1.38).
  • Similar associations were found with NMR LDL triglycerides, indicating robust risk prediction across different measurement methods.
  • Meta-analyses confirmed these findings, with the highest quartile of LDL triglycerides showing a 1.50-fold increased risk for ASCVD compared to the lowest quartile.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated LDL triglycerides are robustly associated with a significantly increased risk of developing ASCVD and its individual components.
  • These findings underscore the importance of monitoring and managing LDL triglycerides as a critical factor in cardiovascular disease prevention.