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Histopathological analysis of chronic paronychia
Bruna P Rocha1, Gustavo Verardino2, Andreia Leverone1
1Prof. Rubem David Azulay, Nail Studies Center, Dermatology Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
International Journal of Dermatology
|January 11, 2023
Summary
Histopathological analysis of chronic paronychia reveals significant epidermal and dermal changes, including inflammation and fibrosis. Further research is needed to determine the role of microorganisms in this persistent nail fold condition.
Area of Science:
- Dermatopathology
- Nail Diseases
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Chronic paronychia is an inflammatory nail fold condition exceeding 6 weeks.
- Characterized by fold hypertrophy, retraction, and absent cuticle.
- Surgical intervention is considered for refractory or severe cases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To histopathologically examine proximal nail fold biopsies from chronic paronychia patients post-surgery.
- To elucidate the microscopic features associated with this condition.
Main Methods:
- Histopathological analysis of 16 nail folds from 6 patients.
- Biopsies were obtained after surgical treatment for chronic paronychia.
- Multi-center study design.
Main Results:
- Prevalent epidermal findings included orthokeratosis, hypergranulosis, acanthosis, and spongiosis.
- Dermal findings were characterized by fibrosis and mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate.
- Histopathology provides insights into the inflammatory nature of the disease.
Conclusions:
- Chronic paronychia is fundamentally an inflammatory process.
- The etiological role of microorganisms like Candida and bacterial cocci remains unclear, potentially being secondary or opportunistic.
- Histopathology aids in understanding pathophysiology and guiding treatment.
