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Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
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Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
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Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Materials

Background:

  • Bernal-stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) exhibits broken-symmetry metallic phases and fragile superconductivity under electric fields.
  • Existing superconducting states in BLG are limited by narrow density ranges and low critical temperatures (Tc ≈ 30mK).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of monolayer tungsten diselenide (WSe2) on the superconducting properties of BLG.
  • To explore methods for enhancing superconductivity in graphene-based systems.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of BLG-WSe2 heterostructures.
  • Measurement of quantum oscillations as a function of electric field and doping.
  • In-plane magnetic field measurements to probe critical field dependence.

Main Results:

  • Superconductivity in BLG-WSe2 appears at zero magnetic field with an order of magnitude higher Tc and an eightfold wider density range.
  • Superconductivity emerges in a polarized normal state with two populated spin-valley flavors.
  • Critical field dependence on doping shows deviations from the Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit.
  • Superconductivity is stabilized by proximity-induced Ising spin-orbit coupling from WSe2.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating WSe2 significantly enhances and stabilizes superconductivity in BLG.
  • Proximity-induced spin-orbit coupling is crucial for robust Cooper pairing in this system.
  • This work enables the engineering of tunable, ultra-clean graphene-based superconductors.