Molecular mechanisms implicated in SARS-CoV-2 liver tropism

Area of Science:

• Hepatology
• Virology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, frequently involves the liver.
• Individuals with existing liver disease face higher risks of severe COVID-19 and mortality.
• Understanding SARS-CoV-2's hepatic effects is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the mechanisms underlying gastrointestinal and hepatic ailments in COVID-19 patients.
• To highlight the interplay between liver function, systemic inflammation, coagulation, and lung health during SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of current research on COVID-19 and liver involvement.
• Analysis of pathways contributing to hepatic pathology in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Results:

• Direct and indirect hepatic effects of SARS-CoV-2 are significant contributors to COVID-19 pathology.
• An imbalanced interaction among the liver, systemic inflammation, coagulation, and the lung exacerbates gastrointestinal and hepatic issues.

Conclusions:

• SARS-CoV-2 infection poses a considerable risk to liver health, particularly in vulnerable populations.
• Further research into the complex interactions is needed to mitigate severe outcomes.