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Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

What is the Endocrine System?

What is the Endocrine System?

The endocrine system sends hormones—chemical signals—through the bloodstream to target cells—the cells the hormones selectively affect. These signals are produced in endocrine cells, secreted into the extracellular fluid, and then diffuse into the blood. Eventually, they diffuse out of the blood and bind to target cells which have specialized receptors to recognize the hormones.

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of Hormone Secretion

Regulation of hormone secretion is a finely tuned orchestration driven by various types of stimuli, encompassing neural, humoral, and hormonal signals. Environmental cues instigate neural stimuli, where action potentials traverse nerve fibers to reach their designated targets. An illustrative scenario is the body's response to stress, wherein the sympathetic nervous system releases epinephrine from the adrenal glands, inducing the well-known 'fight or flight' reaction.
Humoral...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Lines as a Three-Dimensional Model for the Study of Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy

Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Lines as a Three-Dimensional Model for the Study of Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy

Published on: August 14, 2012

Hereditary Endocrine Tumor Registries.

Edwina C Moore¹, Liane Ioannou², Rasa Ruseckaite²

¹Department of Endocrine Surgery, Peninsula Private Hospital and Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia.

Journal of the Endocrine Society

|January 12, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Few clinical registries exist for hereditary endocrine tumors (HETs), with highly variable data collection, primarily in Europe. Further research is needed to assess their effectiveness and explore harmonization opportunities.

Keywords:

clinical quality registries database endocrine cancers endocrine tumors hereditary

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Genetics
Clinical Research

Background:

Hereditary endocrine tumors (HETs) are complex and often misunderstood as rare.
Genetic factors are increasingly implicated, but true prevalence remains unclear.
Clinical registries are vital for monitoring healthcare quality and improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and compare global registries collecting data on HETs.
To analyze the characteristics and scope of existing HET registries.
To highlight gaps and opportunities for registry development and data harmonization.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search of Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases.
Inclusion of registries focused on HETs with available clinical data.
Exclusion of institutional audits, inactive registries, or those lacking clinical data.

Main Results:

Fifteen registries specifically for HETs were identified.
These registries were associated with 136 peer-reviewed publications.
The majority of identified registries are European, with diverse data collection methods.

Conclusions:

There is a limited number of HET-specific clinical registries globally.
Existing registries exhibit significant variability in data collected.
Further research on registry effectiveness is recommended, and opportunities exist for data harmonization and the development of new registries, such as in Australia.