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Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: A Review of What We Know, What We Do Not Know, and

Zoe McKinnell1, Daniel Karel1, Daniel Tuerff1

  • 1Department of Hematology and Oncology, George Washington University Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.

Journal of Hematology
|January 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) developing after myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) has poor treatment responses. This review covers incidence, pathogenesis, and new therapies for this challenging AML subtype.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) developing secondary to myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is a rare but aggressive subtype.
  • This condition is characterized by poor responses to current treatments and limited therapeutic progress.
  • Unlike other AML subsets with targeted therapies, post-MPN AML lacks standardized treatment options.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the incidence, risk factors, and pathogenesis of AML arising from MPNs.
  • To explore the molecular landscape of post-MPN AML.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies for this specific AML subtype.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on incidence and risk factors.
  • Analysis of pathogenesis and molecular alterations.
  • Survey of current and emerging treatment options.

Main Results:

  • Post-MPN AML represents a small fraction of secondary AML.
  • The condition is associated with unfavorable outcomes and resistance to standard therapies.
  • Limited advancements in treatment have been observed compared to other AML types.

Conclusions:

  • Post-MPN AML requires focused research due to its poor prognosis.
  • Understanding the molecular drivers is crucial for developing effective therapies.
  • Emerging therapeutic options offer potential for improved patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Acute myeloid leukemiaAllogeneic stem cell transplantationChemotherapyHypomethylating agentsMyelofibrosisMyeloproliferative neoplasms

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