[Factor XI inhibitors: the holy grail of anticoagulant therapy?]

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Hematology
• Pharmacology

Context:

• Direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are preferred over vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) for non-valvular atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism.
• Bleeding risks limit DOAC uptake in elderly and frail populations.
• Factor XI plays a role in clot progression with minimal impact on hemostasis.

Purpose:

• To review the latest clinical findings on factor XI inhibitors.
• To discuss the potential of factor XI inhibitors as a new class of anticoagulants.
• To propose standardized terminology for factor XI inhibitors.

Summary:

• Factor XI inhibitors are emerging as a promising therapeutic option, potentially offering effective anticoagulation with a reduced bleeding risk.
• Clinical studies indicate that targeting factor XI may provide a favorable benefit-risk profile, especially for vulnerable patient groups.
• The development of factor XI inhibitors represents a significant advancement in anticoagulant therapy.

Impact:

• Factor XI inhibitors could redefine anticoagulant strategies, particularly for patients at high risk of bleeding.
• This new class of drugs may expand treatment options for non-valvular atrial fibrillation and venous thromboembolism.
• Standardized terminology will facilitate clear communication and research in this evolving field.