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Circulating Copper and Liver Cancer.

Weiwei Chen¹, Zhiwei Zhang², Ke Liu¹

¹School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Binwen Road 548, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.

Biological Trace Element Research

|January 12, 2023

Summary

This study found no sufficient evidence linking higher circulating copper levels to increased liver cancer risk. Both meta-analysis and Mendelian randomization approaches were used to investigate this association.

Keywords:

Circulating copper Liver cancer Mendelian randomization analysis Meta-analysis

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Area of Science:

Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Oncology
Genetics

Background:

Previous studies on circulating copper and liver cancer risk yielded inconsistent results.
A comprehensive evaluation is needed to clarify the association between copper levels and liver cancer.

Approach:

A meta-analysis of eight studies was conducted to pool data on circulating copper levels in liver cancer patients versus controls.
Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis utilized genetic variants associated with circulating copper to assess causality with liver cancer risk.
Data from UK Biobank (UKBB) and FinnGen cohorts were used for MR analysis, employing inverse-variance weighted (IVW) and maximum-likelihood methods.

Key Points:

Meta-analysis indicated higher circulating copper in liver cancer patients, but with significant heterogeneity.
Mendelian randomization analysis, using both UKBB and FinnGen data, showed no significant association between genetically predicted copper levels and liver cancer risk.
Sensitivity analyses confirmed the non-significant findings from the primary MR approach.

Conclusions:

Current evidence is insufficient to establish a causal link between elevated circulating copper and an increased risk of liver cancer.
Further research may be warranted to explore potential complex interactions or alternative biological pathways.