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Author Spotlight: Development and Challenges of Feeding Assays for Insect Pest Management

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A Novel Lepidoptera bioassay analysed using a reduced GUTS model.

Claire Badder¹, Sylvain Bart², Alex Robinson¹

¹UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, MacLean Building, Benson Lane, Oxon, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK.

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

|January 12, 2023

Summary

A new dietary bioassay effectively measures pesticide sensitivity in lepidopteran larvae, like the cabbage armyworm (Mamestra brassicae). This reliable method aids in assessing chemical risks to these vital insects.

Keywords:

Cabbage Moth Effect modelling Insecticide Survival Test Toxicodynamics Toxicokinetics

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Area of Science:

Environmental toxicology
Insect toxicology
Pest management

Background:

Lepidopteran species play crucial roles as agricultural pests and pollinators.
The impact of pesticides on lepidopteran populations remains understudied.
Accurate assessment of pesticide toxicity is vital for agricultural sustainability.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a novel dietary bioassay for assessing pesticide sensitivity in lepidopteran larvae.
To evaluate the toxic effects of chlorpyrifos on Mamestra brassicae larvae.
To establish a reliable method for chemical risk assessment in lepidopterans.

Main Methods:

A dietary exposure bioassay was developed using Mamestra brassicae larvae.
Larvae were exposed to an artificial diet containing chlorpyrifos.
Survival and weight changes were monitored over 96 hours.
Data were analyzed using the General Unified Threshold of Survival (GUTS) model.

Main Results:

The bioassay demonstrated high repeatability across three independent experiments.
LC₅₀ values showed minimal variation (3-4 fold difference) at 48 and 96 hours.
Sub-lethal effects, such as weight changes, were observable.
Toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic parameters were derived using GUTS modeling.

Conclusions:

The developed bioassay is a reliable and repeatable tool for assessing pesticide toxicity in lepidopteran larvae.
This method facilitates chemical risk assessment and can be adapted for mixture or pulsed exposure studies.
The findings support the use of this bioassay for regulatory purposes in evaluating pesticide safety for beneficial insects.