Exploratory analysis of factors that influence maternal deviation from prenatal infant feeding plans: A research...

The purpose of this study was to examine factors associated with maternal deviation from prenatal infant feeding plans.

Infant feeding practices influence infant growth and development, thus, having long term implications for child health. Literature suggests that, prenatally, mothers plan to breastfeed, however, breastfeeding rates remain low, additionally, early introduction of complementary foods (CF) is common. Understanding the discrepancy between high maternal intentions for breastfeeding yet low breastfeeding practices and early CF introduction is needed.

This descriptive study recruited first-time mothers and their infants (N = 33) from the community; pre-pregnancy height and weight, demographics, and infant feeding plans (breast/formula feeding; CF introduction age) were collected in the third trimester. Four months after birth, infant feeding practices were collected. Prenatal plans and practices at 4 months were compared and dichotomized into a yes/no variable. Bivariate analyses were conducted.

Almost half (46 %) of mothers deviated from their prenatal infant feeding plans. Analyses reveal that mothers with a higher BMI were more likely to deviate from their prenatal feeding intentions when compared to mothers with a lower BMI (Mdn = 29.82 vs Mdn = 24.2, p = 0.05, r = 0.34). Though not significant, maternal race/ethnicity, marital status, and employment status are important variables to consider in future work.

The finding that women with a higher BMI are more likely to deviate from their prenatal infant feeding intentions is consistent with prior research. Future research should focus on the reason this difference exists. Additionally, reasons for deviation should be explored in a larger, more diverse sample.