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Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Two Different Real-Time Place Preference Paradigms Using Optogenetics within the Ventral Tegmental Area of the Mouse
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Distributed context-dependent choice information in mouse posterior cortex.

Javier G Orlandi1,2, Mohammad Abdolrahmani1, Ryo Aoki1

  • 1RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.

Nature Communications
|January 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified a distinct decision-making signal in the posterior cortex, independent of sensory and motor activity. This brain signal is influenced by task difficulty and attention, aiding in understanding decision computations.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience

Background:

  • Choice information is distributed across brain networks, intermingled with sensory, motor, and cognitive variables.
  • The posterior cortex's role in decision-making is unclear due to variable choice signals and their area specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the nature and computational significance of choice signals in the mouse posterior cortex.
  • To determine if choice signals represent an independent decision variable within posterior cortical networks.

Main Methods:

  • Examined mesoscale neural activity in the mouse posterior cortex during a visual task.
  • Utilized low-dimensional embedding to analyze choice signals.
  • Trained a recurrent neural network with animal choices to model decision variables.

Main Results:

  • Choice signals formed a decision variable in a low-dimensional space, primarily in the ventral visual stream.
  • This decision variable subspace was largely separate from sensory and motor representations.
  • Modulations by task difficulty and attention state were observed, alongside agreement with a recurrent neural network model.

Conclusions:

  • The posterior cortex contains an independent, multi-area decision variable.
  • This variable is modulated by task features and cognitive demands, suggesting a role in contextual inference.
  • Findings contribute to understanding decision-making in dynamic animal-environment interactions.