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Reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption drive bone loss in Eimeria infected broilers.

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Area of Science:

  • Poultry Science
  • Animal Pathology
  • Veterinary Medicine

Background:

  • Coccidiosis poses significant economic challenges to the global poultry industry.
  • The specific mechanisms by which coccidiosis induces bone defects in poultry remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of coccidiosis on the bone homeostasis of young broiler chickens.
  • To elucidate the role of inflammation and oxidative stress in coccidiosis-induced bone alterations.

Main Methods:

  • 480 male Cobb500 broiler chickens were divided into control, pair-fed, and two Eimeria-infected groups.
  • Infection was induced via oral gavage with Eimeria oocysts.
  • Growth, feed intake, bone mineral density, and mineral content were assessed post-infection.

Main Results:

  • Eimeria infection led to increased systemic oxidative status and bone marrow immune response.
  • Bone growth rate and mineral density were significantly reduced in infected birds (P < 0.05).
  • Bone resorption increased, while bone formation was altered, indicating disrupted bone homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Inflammatory immune responses and oxidative stress are closely linked to altered bone homeostasis in Eimeria-infected broilers.
  • These factors play a crucial role in the bone defects observed during coccidiosis in poultry.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for mitigating economic losses in the poultry industry.