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A Clinical Investigation on ADHD-Traits in Childhood Celiac Disease

Ayşegül Efe1, Ayşegül Tok1

  • 1University of Health Sciences, Dr. Sami Ulus Maternity, Children's Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Journal of Attention Disorders
|January 13, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Children with celiac disease (CD) may exhibit attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms, particularly when not adhering to a gluten-free diet (GFD). This highlights the importance of GFD compliance for managing cognitive and behavioral issues in pediatric CD.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • The exact relationship and etiology between celiac disease (CD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain unclear.
  • CD affects children and can present with diverse symptoms beyond gastrointestinal issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To screen for ADHD-related cognitive and behavioral traits in children with biopsy-proven CD.
  • To investigate potential associations between these traits and vitamin levels, BMI, and gluten-free diet (GFD) compliance.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of 85 children (8-18 years) with biopsy-proven CD against 72 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.
  • Assessment of demographics, psychiatric symptoms, vitamin levels, and anthropometric measurements.

Main Results:

  • ADHD-like cognitive issues (inattention, learning difficulties) and behavioral problems (psychosomatic symptoms, poor prosocial behavior) were linked to GFD noncompliance in children with CD.

Conclusions:

  • Untreated CD may contribute to symptoms resembling ADHD.
  • Physicians should consider potential ADHD misdiagnosis in children with untreated CD exhibiting these cognitive and behavioral traits.
Abstract

Keywords:
ADHDCPRS-48SDQceliac diseaseinattentionlearning problemspediatricsprosocial behaviors

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