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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
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Postvoid residual bladder volume after uncomplicated vaginal delivery.

Christine Degasper1, Laura Späth1, Siegfried Fessler1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|January 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) is uncommon in asymptomatic women. Prolonged labor may indicate a need for routine postpartum assessment of postvoid residual volume (PVRV).

Keywords:
portable ultrasoundpostpartum periodpostpartum urinary retentionpostvoid residual volumevaginal deliveryvoiding dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Urology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Postpartum urinary retention (PUR) is a known complication after childbirth.
  • Establishing reference values for postvoid residual volume (PVRV) is crucial for identifying women at risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a reference curve for PVRV in asymptomatic postpartum women.
  • To identify risk factors associated with elevated PVRV in the early postpartum period.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of women after uncomplicated vaginal delivery.
  • Transabdominal ultrasound used to measure PVRV within 26 hours (PVRV 1) and on day 2-3 postpartum (PVRV 2).
  • A PVRV cutoff of ≥150 mL defined covert PUR.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of covert PUR was 7.1%.
  • Primiparity, prolonged second stage of labor, and obstetric injury correlated with higher PVRV 1.
  • Median PVRV 1 was 21 mL, decreasing to 11 mL by discharge (PVRV 2).

Conclusions:

  • Asymptomatic women have a low risk of developing PUR.
  • Routine postpartum assessment may benefit women experiencing a prolonged second stage of labor.
  • This study provides valuable insights into PVRV dynamics in the early postpartum period.