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Insight from Biology Program Learning Outcomes: Implications for Teaching, Learning, and Assessment.

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This study analyzed program learning outcomes (PLOs) in US undergraduate biology programs. Many programs may not effectively communicate these learning goals to students, with variations in skill emphasis across institution types.

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Area of Science:

  • Biology Education
  • Higher Education Assessment

Background:

  • Program learning outcomes (PLOs) are crucial for curriculum design and assessment in undergraduate biology.
  • Accreditation agencies mandate PLOs, yet their characterization across US programs is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize program learning outcomes (PLOs) in undergraduate biology programs across the United States.
  • To identify common themes and differences in PLOs, particularly between institution types.
  • To assess the extent to which PLOs communicate learning goals to students.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive analysis of program learning outcomes (PLOs) from undergraduate biology programs nationwide.
  • Identification and categorization of key themes and skills within the collected PLOs.
  • Comparative analysis of PLOs based on institutional characteristics (e.g., 4-year vs. 2-year institutions).

Main Results:

  • Many biology programs may not be effectively using PLOs to communicate learning goals to students.
  • Key themes and specific Vision & Change core competencies (e.g., quantitative reasoning, societal connections) are inconsistently emphasized.
  • Undergraduate biology programs at 4-year institutions tend to emphasize computational and research skills more than those at 2-year institutions.

Conclusions:

  • There are significant opportunities to improve the use of PLOs for student learning and programmatic assessment.
  • Understanding variations in PLOs can inform curriculum development and ensure alignment with accreditation standards.
  • Effective communication of PLOs is essential for student success and program improvement in biology education.