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Published on: May 25, 2020
Childhood glaucoma profile in a tertiary centre in Egypt according to the childhood glaucoma research network
Yasmine M El Sayed1, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny1, Ghada I Gawdat1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Kasr Al-Ainy Hospitals, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
Insights
Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is the most common childhood glaucoma in Egypt. Over half of pediatric glaucoma patients had a history of parental consanguinity, highlighting a significant genetic link.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Ophthalmology
- Genetics
Background:
- Childhood glaucoma represents a significant challenge in pediatric eye care.
- Understanding the prevalence and characteristics of childhood glaucoma is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence and clinical features of childhood glaucoma in Egyptian children.
- To classify cases according to the Childhood Glaucoma Research Network (CGRN) criteria.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of 652 patients (1113 eyes) diagnosed with childhood glaucoma or glaucoma suspects (≤14 years).
- Data collected included demographics, clinical findings (IOP, corneal diameter, cup-to-disc ratio), and family history.
- Analysis based on CGRN classification.
Main Results:
- Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) was the most prevalent diagnosis (68.2%).
- A history of parental consanguinity was present in 51.2% of patients.
- Glaucoma suspects and glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS) were the next most common diagnoses.
Conclusions:
- PCG is the predominant form of childhood glaucoma in Egypt.
- Parental consanguinity is a significant risk factor in this pediatric glaucoma cohort.
Purpose:
To describe the prevalence and clinical characteristics of a large cohort of childhood glaucoma patients that presented to a tertiary Egyptian children's hospital using the childhood glaucoma research network (CGRN) classification.
Methods:
A retrospective review of the medical records of all patients ≤ 14 years with a diagnosis of childhood glaucoma or glaucoma suspects who presented to Children's Hospital between January 2014 to December 2019 was conducted. Data collected included age at the time of diagnosis, gender, laterality, prenatal history, parental history, including consanguinity, intraocular pressure, horizontal corneal diameter, and cup-to-disc ratio.
Results:
A total of 1113 eyes of 652 patients with diagnoses of either childhood glaucoma or glaucoma suspects were included in the study. Six hundred and sixteen patients (94%) were born full-term. A history of positive parental consanguinity was identified in 334 patients (51.2%). Almost 60% of patients were males. Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) was the most prevalent diagnosis (68.2%), followed by glaucoma suspects (10.4%) and glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS) (8.4%). Juvenile open-angle glaucoma was the least prevalent category (0.3%). Other categories including glaucoma associated with non-acquired systemic disease, glaucoma associated with non-acquired ocular disease, and glaucoma associated with acquired conditions represented 5.8%, 4.7%, and 1.9%, respectively.
Conclusions:
PCG is the most common form of glaucoma in Egypt. More than half of the pediatric glaucoma patients had a positive history of parents' consanguinity.
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