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Preventive Training Program Feedback Complexity, Movement Control, and Performance in Youth Athletes.

Hayley J Root1, Eleanor M Beltz2, Julie P Burland3

  • 1Northern Arizona University, Phoenix.

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Summary

Simplified feedback in preventive training programs (PTPs) improved movement control as effectively as traditional feedback. Both PTP approaches enhanced jump-landing technique, with traditional feedback also boosting long-jump performance.

Keywords:
adolescentinjury-prevention programmotor controlpediatricsoccer

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Biomechanics
  • Youth Athlete Development

Background:

  • Preventive training programs (PTPs) are crucial for enhancing athlete movement control and reducing injury risk.
  • Effective corrective feedback is vital in PTPs, but excessive cues can overwhelm young athletes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of simplified feedback, traditional feedback, and a control warmup on movement control and long-jump performance in youth athletes over a season.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of different feedback complexities within season-long PTPs for young athletes.

Main Methods:

  • A cluster-randomized controlled trial involving 420 youth soccer athletes (age 11 ± 3 years).
  • Three groups: simplified PTP (sagittal-plane feedback), traditional PTP (multi-plane feedback), and control (coach-selected warmup).
  • Movement control assessed via the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) and long-jump (LJ) performance measured pre- and post-season, with retention testing.

Main Results:

  • All groups showed improvements in LESS scores from preseason to postseason.
  • Both simplified and traditional PTP groups maintained LESS improvements at retention testing.
  • The traditional feedback group exhibited significantly better long-jump performance post-season and at early retention compared to simplified or control groups.

Conclusions:

  • Simplified feedback in PTPs is as effective as traditional, multi-plane feedback for improving jump-landing mechanics (LESS scores) in youth athletes.
  • Season-long participation in PTPs, irrespective of feedback complexity, confers significant movement benefits.
  • Traditional feedback may offer additional advantages for specific performance outcomes like long-jump distance.