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Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
Published on: May 25, 2018
Assessing and advancing the safety of CRISPR-Cas tools: from DNA to RNA editing
Jianli Tao1, Daniel E Bauer2, Roberto Chiarle3,4
1Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. jianli.tao@childrens.harvard.edu.
Abstract:
CRISPR-Cas gene editing has revolutionized experimental molecular biology over the past decade and holds great promise for the treatment of human genetic diseases. Here we review the development of CRISPR-Cas9/Cas12/Cas13 nucleases, DNA base editors, prime editors, and RNA base editors, focusing on the assessment and improvement of their editing precision and safety, pushing the limit of editing specificity and efficiency. We summarize the capabilities and limitations of each CRISPR tool from DNA editing to RNA editing, and highlight the opportunities for future improvements and applications in basic research, as well as the therapeutic and clinical considerations for their use in patients.
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