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Direction selectivity of inhibitory interneurons in mouse barrel cortex differs between interneuron subtypes.

Julien Guy1, Martin Möck1, Jochen F Staiger1

  • 1Institute for Neuroanatomy, University Medical Center, 37075 Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany.

Cell Reports
|January 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

GABAergic interneurons in the mouse barrel cortex exhibit direction selectivity, but tuning varies by subtype. Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) interneurons are highly selective, while parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are broadly tuned.

Keywords:
CP: NeuroscienceGABAergic interneuronsangular tuningbarrel cortexelectrophysiologyin vivoselectivitytwo-photon-guided patch clampwhisker stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cortical Circuits
  • Sensory Processing

Background:

  • GABAergic interneurons are diverse and play crucial roles in cortical circuits.
  • Excitatory neurons in the barrel cortex show direction selectivity to whisker stimulation.
  • The direction selectivity of GABAergic interneurons remains largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate direction selectivity in different subtypes of GABAergic interneurons in the mouse barrel cortex.
  • To compare the tuning sharpness of interneuron subtypes with that of pyramidal neurons.

Main Methods:

  • Two-photon-guided whole-cell recordings were performed in the barrel cortex of anesthetized mice.
  • Controlled whisker stimulation was used to measure neuronal responses.
  • Direction selectivity and tuning sharpness were quantified for defined interneuron subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Direction selectivity is widespread among GABAergic interneurons, but tuning varies significantly.
  • Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) interneurons display selectivity comparable to pyramidal neurons.
  • Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons show broader tuning compared to pyramidal neurons.
  • A majority of somatostatin (SST) interneurons receive direction-selective inhibition, with some receiving excitation.

Conclusions:

  • Interneuron subtypes contribute distinctly to sensory representations in the barrel cortex.
  • Cell-type-specific response properties of interneurons shape cortical processing of stimuli.
  • Understanding interneuron diversity is key to deciphering cortical circuit function.