Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

172
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
172
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.1K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.1K
Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

6.5K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.5K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.6K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.6K
Storage01:23

Storage

123
A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze...
123
Schemata01:17

Schemata

125
A schema is a mental construct that organizes related concepts, allowing the brain to process information efficiently. Upon activation, schemata facilitate assumptions about people or objects.
Two types of schemata are:
125

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Models of Variability in Probabilistic Causal Judgments.

Computational brain & behavior·2026
Same author

Understanding Navon: Different designs of local-global tasks capture different bias effects.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same author

Are Semantic Representations Stable? A Bayesian Framework Applied to the Study of Quantifier Meaning.

Computational brain & behavior·2026
Same author

Trial-level sequence modeling reveals hidden dynamics of dual-task interference.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

The Connection Between Associative Memory and Semantic Similarity: Evidence From Fan Experiments and Distributional Models.

Cognitive science·2026
Same author

An Efficient Communication Analysis of Modal Typology.

Open mind : discoveries in cognitive science·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
07:42

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

13.7K

Uncovering the Structure of Semantic Representations Using a Computational Model of Decision-Making.

Sonia Ramotowska1, Shane Steinert-Threlkeld2, Leendert van Maanen3

  • 1Institute für Linguistik, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf.

Cognitive Science
|January 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study reveals significant individual differences in how people understand vague quantifiers like "most." Quantifier meanings are stable over time, challenging theories that equate "most" with "more than half."

Keywords:
Computational modelingDecision-makingDiffusion Decision ModelIndividual differenceQuantifiersSemantics

More Related Videos

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.8K
Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

6.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents
07:42

An Automated T-maze Based Apparatus and Protocol for Analyzing Delay- and Effort-based Decision Making in Free Moving Rodents

Published on: August 2, 2018

13.7K
The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
05:48

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients

Published on: June 12, 2020

5.8K
Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
07:05

Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents

Published on: September 10, 2018

6.1K

Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Logical theories of meaning formalize expression meaning via truth conditions.
  • Vagueness and individual differences pose challenges for meaning representations.
  • Understanding vague concepts like quantifiers is crucial for semantic theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a new approach for studying truth-conditional representations of vague concepts.
  • To investigate between-subject variability and temporal stability of meaning representations for quantifiers.
  • To examine the semantic distinction between 'most' and 'more than half'.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted two online experiments with 90 native English speakers each.
  • Participants performed a sentence-picture verification task using quantifiers ('most', 'more than half').
  • Utilized an extended Diffusion Decision Model to analyze truth conditions and vagueness from response times and accuracy.

Main Results:

  • Found substantial between-subject variability in the truth-conditional representations of 'most'.
  • Demonstrated that 'most' verification is proportion-dependent, influencing reaction times.
  • Showed that quantifier meaning representations are stable over time across experimental sessions.

Conclusions:

  • Individual differences in truth conditions challenge semantic theories assuming equivalence between 'most' and 'more than half'.
  • Quantifier representations are stable, supporting a representational theory of vague concepts.
  • The proposed modeling approach offers a promising method for studying semantic representations in experimental linguistics.