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Positive Results from the Fecal Immunochemical Test Can Be Related to Dementia: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Yu Kyung Jun1,2, Seung Woo Lee3, Kwang Woo Kim1,4
1Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background:
The fecal immunochemical test (FIT) is widely used in screening for colorectal cancer (CRC), but FIT results can be positive for diseases other than CRC.
Objective:
We investigated the association between positive results of FIT and the incidence of dementia using a nationwide database.
Methods:
FIT-positive participants were collected from a database provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service.
Results:
The incidence of all kinds of dementia was higher in FIT-positive than FIT-negative subjects (p < 0.0001). FIT-positive participants had a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (p < 0.0001) and vascular dementia (p = 0.0002), compared to participants with FIT negativity. The risk of all kinds of dementia or AD in FIT-positive participants was higher in younger (age < 65 years) than older participants (p < 0.0001 for all kinds of dementia; p = 0.0002 for AD).
Conclusion:
FIT positivity was correlated with an increased risk of dementia, especially in participants under 65 years of age. The study suggests that clinicians can consider dementia when FIT-positive participants fail to show any malignancies.
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