Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

4.7K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.7K
Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.7K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.7K
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

4.6K
The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
4.6K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

2.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.4K
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

3.7K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
3.7K
Structure of Porins01:21

Structure of Porins

3.1K
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and gram-negative bacteria have transmembrane, beta-barrel proteins called porins to mediate the free diffusion of ions and metabolites across the membrane. Mitochondrial porin precursors contain conserved amino acid sequences called beta signals at their C-terminal. Beta signals have a  motif of PoXGXXHyXHy (Po-Polar, X-Any amino acid, G-Glycine, Hy-LargeHydrophobic), which are crucial for precursor recognition to initiate precursor assembly. Beta-barrel...
3.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

LRQuant+: A Unified and Learnable Framework to Post-Training Quantization for Transformer-Based Large Foundation Models.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2025
Same author

Phase-shifting profilometry resistant to varying ambient light.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Quad-color dark-bright pulse trapping in a fiber laser.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Correction to "Engineered Platelet Microparticle-Membrane Camouflaged Nanoparticles for Targeting the Golgi Apparatus of Synovial Fibroblasts to Attenuate Rheumatoid Arthritis".

ACS nano·2025
Same author

Plasma lipoprotein subclasses and risk of incident knee osteoarthritis: A population-based cohort study.

Osteoarthritis and cartilage·2025
Same author

Investigation into the Efficient Cooperative Planning Approach for Dual-Arm Picking Sequences of Dwarf, High-Density Safflowers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

13.4K

Structure of the nuclear pore complex goes atomic.

Gaoxingyu Huang1, Chao Zeng1, Yigong Shi2

  • 1Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University; Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China; Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310024, China.

Current Opinion in Structural Biology
|January 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The nuclear pore complex (NPC), a gatekeeper of the cell nucleus, is being structurally revealed using advanced imaging and AI. These breakthroughs provide unprecedented molecular detail and insights into its dynamic functions.

More Related Videos

A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton
05:47

A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton

Published on: July 29, 2018

15.7K
High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis
09:33

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2019

7.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 14, 2025

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport
12:13

Single-Molecule Imaging of Nuclear Transport

Published on: June 9, 2010

13.4K
A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton
05:47

A Direct Force Probe for Measuring Mechanical Integration Between the Nucleus and the Cytoskeleton

Published on: July 29, 2018

15.7K
High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis
09:33

High-Resolution Complexome Profiling by Cryoslicing BN-MS Analysis

Published on: October 15, 2019

7.3K

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Structural Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • The nuclear pore complex (NPC) regulates transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
  • NPC's large size and complexity present significant challenges for atomic-resolution structural determination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular structure and dynamics of the nuclear pore complex.
  • To understand the organizational principles and functions of the NPC.

Main Methods:

  • Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) for high-resolution reconstruction.
  • Machine learning for structure prediction.
  • Biochemical reconstitution techniques.
  • In cellulo cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) for dynamic structural analysis.

Main Results:

  • Generation of highly accurate molecular models of the NPC.
  • Revelation of substantial structural dynamics of the NPC in cellular contexts.
  • Unprecedented accuracy in NPC structural elucidation.

Conclusions:

  • Recent technological advancements have overcome major hurdles in NPC structural biology.
  • New insights into NPC organization and function are emerging.
  • The study highlights the power of integrating multiple cutting-edge techniques for complex molecular assemblies.