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Published on: January 28, 2019
Current Update on Rotavirus in-Silico Multiepitope Vaccine Design
Pooja R Kuri1, Pranab Goswami1
1Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
Insights
Rotavirus gastroenteritis poses a significant global health threat, especially to young children. This review explores in-silico rotavirus vaccine development using reverse vaccinology to overcome the limitations of current vaccines in low-income countries.
Area of Science:
- Vaccinology
- Immunoinformatics
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Rotavirus gastroenteritis is a major cause of death in children globally.
- Current rotavirus vaccines show reduced efficacy in low-income regions, necessitating new vaccine development.
- Traditional vaccine development is lengthy and costly.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the progress of rotavirus vaccine design and development using the reverse vaccinology approach.
- To highlight the potential of in-silico methods in accelerating vaccine development for rotavirus.
- To consolidate existing research on in-silico rotavirus vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing reverse vaccinology principles for in-silico vaccine design.
- Employing immunoinformatics tools to analyze pathogen genome and proteome data.
- Summarizing existing research on computational approaches to rotavirus vaccine development.
Main Results:
- Reverse vaccinology offers a faster and potentially more cost-effective alternative to traditional vaccine development.
- In-silico multiepitope vaccine design holds promise for various pathogens, including rotavirus.
- This review compiles the current landscape of in-silico rotavirus vaccine research.
Conclusions:
- In-silico vaccine design using reverse vaccinology is a promising strategy to expedite the development of effective rotavirus vaccines.
- Addressing the efficacy gap of current rotavirus vaccines in low-income countries requires innovative approaches like reverse vaccinology.
- Further research in immunoinformatics can accelerate the creation of next-generation rotavirus vaccines.
Abstract:
Rotavirus gastroenteritis is one of the leading causes of pediatric morbidity and mortality worldwide in infants and under-five populations. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommended global incorporation of the rotavirus vaccine in national immunization programs to alleviate the burden of the disease. Implementation of the rotavirus vaccination in certain regions of the world brought about a significant and consistent reduction of rotavirus-associated hospitalizations. However, the efficacy of licensed vaccines remains suboptimal in low-income countries where the incidences of rotavirus gastroenteritis continue to happen unabated. The problem of low efficacy of currently licensed oral rotavirus vaccines in low-income countries necessitates continuous exploration, design, and development of new rotavirus vaccines. Traditional vaccine development is a complex, expensive, labor-intensive, and time-consuming process. Reverse vaccinology essentially utilizes the genome and proteome information on pathogens and has opened new avenues for in-silico multiepitope vaccine design for a plethora of pathogens, promising time reduction in the complete vaccine development pipeline by complementing the traditional vaccinology approach. A substantial number of reviews on licensed rotavirus vaccines and those under evaluation are already available in the literature. However, a collective account of rotavirus in-silico vaccines is lacking in the literature, and such an account may further fuel the interest of researchers to use reverse vaccinology to expedite the vaccine development process. Therefore, the main focus of this review is to summarize the research endeavors undertaken for the design and development of rotavirus vaccines by the reverse vaccinology approach utilizing the tools of immunoinformatics.
